What does the term "cash" refer to in bookkeeping?

In bookkeeping, the term "cash" encompasses a broader definition than just physical currency. It refers to all forms of monetary assets that are readily available for spending. This includes not only physical currency, like notes and coins but also other forms like cheques and card payments.

Cheques are considered cash equivalents because they are a promise to pay and can be deposited or cashed at a bank. Similarly, card payments are also treated as cash in bookkeeping since they allow the immediate transfer of funds from a bank account to merchants, thereby facilitating transactions without the need for physical cash.

This understanding is essential for maintaining accurate financial records and cash flow management, as it allows businesses to have a complete view of all liquid assets at their disposal. Recognizing this definition helps in ensuring that all incoming and outgoing funds, regardless of their form, are properly recorded in the accounts, contributing to effective financial reporting and management.